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            <title><![CDATA[《有效需求分析》笔记]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/effective-requirements-analysis-notes</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[从业务目标到功能清单，这本书讲透了B端产品经理如何做需求分析，附实操笔记]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-112cfff0b0454a368a25a93e4486b6db"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-35dab3eb9b9b474dabf01d1bf17c692a" data-id="35dab3eb9b9b474dabf01d1bf17c692a"><span><div id="35dab3eb9b9b474dabf01d1bf17c692a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#35dab3eb9b9b474dabf01d1bf17c692a" title="1、方案和需求的区别"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">1、方案和需求的区别</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-79135aefd818408a9762db7b8a15230a">例子：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-360a67f40c3d45a9a892f02ba3168e78"><li>我要到麦当劳去 、我要是上厕所</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-c6dc22e6c9be4603ba25688db9c7e08f"><li>自动化、rpa</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-1fb900608f9b4ebf824e786769c1a70c"><li>帮我添加某个功能、我要干什么</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-b4c6f1555b0944b6a7af9c7ee178a142">在b端产品日常中，经常遇到的问题就是需求调研，但是实际上问回来的都是方案。需求挖掘深度不够，另外也很被动。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3c571e25d6624b5e96a640864e23c2da"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-b72ae3fe4f40452ca95b562cfc252108" data-id="b72ae3fe4f40452ca95b562cfc252108"><span><div id="b72ae3fe4f40452ca95b562cfc252108" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#b72ae3fe4f40452ca95b562cfc252108" title="2、需求分析的产物（分好的猪肉）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">2、需求分析的产物（分好的猪肉）</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-6e0571ae051543459d96eab6f827305a" data-id="6e0571ae051543459d96eab6f827305a"><span><div id="6e0571ae051543459d96eab6f827305a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#6e0571ae051543459d96eab6f827305a" title="业务需求"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">业务需求</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-eba49025dc6747c49018389952882912">1、固化原有业务流程（线下搬到线上，方便数据共享，流程基本没变）</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-2a154a4ba67249008f135bc648e9a423">2、优化原有的业务流程</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3b9c918e4c764a7ab4e84fe9d5fdf270">3、专家能力转化为组织能力（能力工具化，需要很多学习才能获得能力拆解，形成相关的工具，从而降低对于人的要求）</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-6c7208c8361f4dc98dd972cd782aeef5"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-6003aca9c5d4485f92beb685917891d9" data-id="6003aca9c5d4485f92beb685917891d9"><span><div id="6003aca9c5d4485f92beb685917891d9" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#6003aca9c5d4485f92beb685917891d9" title="管理需求"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">管理需求</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-44b0f2fe2ac64845b7b6836694562719">1、事前  增加管理流程</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-951f790a70b542eb9132cbff2c14e176">2、事中  添加规则、审批</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-4636425d2eee4de9b8a3f33b4d345951">3、事后  复盘、优化、分析—数据分析</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e0332036b594420dbdf14c135d0f4c4e"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-97da04664927484c9f158f6ff016aa8f" data-id="97da04664927484c9f158f6ff016aa8f"><span><div id="97da04664927484c9f158f6ff016aa8f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#97da04664927484c9f158f6ff016aa8f" title="附属需求"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">附属需求</span></span></h4><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-32abe68ba8964d44a851445012dec7bb"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="💡">💡</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">从威胁入手，反向思考，如果没有什么东西会怎么样？</div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-b76cfe52db8b4112b059649148d9b393">1、合规：政策、法律</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-190199c25be247618c42efe169b910ae">2、硬件</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-d0a90c075f8a4c2f86d5104dade2740a">3、软件</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-975f7d8da1de44609c09b984f4b529de"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-541fa57af2e041b087af14e15b04fdfc" data-id="541fa57af2e041b087af14e15b04fdfc"><span><div id="541fa57af2e041b087af14e15b04fdfc" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#541fa57af2e041b087af14e15b04fdfc" title="3、需求来源及驱动（为什么要杀猪）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">3、需求来源及驱动（为什么要杀猪）</span></span></h3><div class="notion-row notion-block-a67f85e5af0347dd8c6c9f5df4924416"><div class="notion-column notion-block-7b649f586c7f40dcbd9aa0ad28376f73" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-7362c94d06464a799eeb9fb1a56b4431"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:380.984375px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F6acfc52c-468c-4a2a-9cbd-568ef4ae2585%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=7362c94d-0646-4a79-9eeb-9fb1a56b4431&amp;t=7362c94d-0646-4a79-9eeb-9fb1a56b4431&amp;width=380.984375&amp;cache=v2" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-a7e8cb5c4daf438a8ff685ac0167eb47" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><div class="notion-blank notion-block-4d8e285d899a40c281df84c28175e2f7"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-f0ccc682d4bf4210b70eda040639f058"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3e082588f8634efcac142eebc861e878" data-id="3e082588f8634efcac142eebc861e878"><span><div id="3e082588f8634efcac142eebc861e878" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3e082588f8634efcac142eebc861e878" title="4、需求分析的方法（如何下刀）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">4、需求分析的方法（如何下刀）</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-0430463f5db64aebbf2490c05205eb79" data-id="0430463f5db64aebbf2490c05205eb79"><span><div id="0430463f5db64aebbf2490c05205eb79" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#0430463f5db64aebbf2490c05205eb79" title="分析方法的选择"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">分析方法的选择</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-02cbba495496419bbdd21b657d5bc7b4"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2Ffd480715-ba9f-4da4-a004-fd99011f4de9%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=02cbba49-5496-419b-bdd2-1b657d5bc7b4&amp;t=02cbba49-5496-419b-bdd2-1b657d5bc7b4&amp;width=380.96875&amp;cache=v2" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e9d7c38df0d2430a97924dedb05512a1"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-c59640cc30cf4c55bf63ea1b768af7b7" data-id="c59640cc30cf4c55bf63ea1b768af7b7"><span><div id="c59640cc30cf4c55bf63ea1b768af7b7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#c59640cc30cf4c55bf63ea1b768af7b7" title="角色建模（从人的角度进行下刀，找很多人聊）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">角色建模（从人的角度进行下刀，找很多人聊）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-8749fcf23f724ae592f442d070bd4b9a">1、公司的组织架构图，每个部门的名称、职责、人数</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-f03dfb6b33a44754906c71ac82cd80a9">2、每个部门下有哪些角色，每个角色的任务是什么，每个任务的流程具体是什么样的</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-5b60a11cc4cb49159938fa3c2f92eae1">3、分析每个角色最核心的任务是什么，工作强度、对于人的能力要求、对于其他事情的依赖性</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-014a488da3ce4a30be92e09557646267"><div>注意这里有了个坑：
1、很多时候收集回来的都是关于自然人的需求，需要重新继续拆分归纳。例如crm的需求，是同一个人的需求表达，可能会包含了销售主管和销售员两重角色。
2、注意每个岗位的忌讳，这个是特别需要注意的点。</div></blockquote><div class="notion-blank notion-block-d79f90057f7f4208bbd387db515e32e9"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-e06d8bd2162d46668f5274e03df8c49e" data-id="e06d8bd2162d46668f5274e03df8c49e"><span><div id="e06d8bd2162d46668f5274e03df8c49e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#e06d8bd2162d46668f5274e03df8c49e" title="流程建模（流程图）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">流程建模（流程图）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-62efa53b33844c868add9bde4c845628">流程建模的7大要素</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-9953d63ef9604223ae835f420f0a906b">动作、分工、先后、产出物、分支、管控/规则、异常/逆流</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-828d829535544a9f87c7c76caa2aecb4">1、动作和分工一般在绘制流程图的时候不会有问题</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-28195b9f968f45b780e983ee28b6c4cf">2、先后主要是考虑业务和数据依赖，后者需要前者的产出物。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-315d477091f444eda3823d20c1295531">3、需要以在一旁注释的方法，说明每个阶段的产出物。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3a2f6937db444714a31ac8da21ab4e81">4、流程图一般会有很多判断节点，需要对判断条件进行穷举。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-d59834697c944819a3ba77256a5b5b7b">5、注意关注逆向操作，这个是所有流程中最难的点。</div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-6c069547916c4ddf916927cec861560d"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="💡">💡</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">在绘制流程的时候，需要注意层次，很容易犯的错就是把下一个层级的节点暴露在上一个层级的流程图中。如果一个节点没有协作的需要，一般是不用暴露在上一级流程图中。</div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-25595a8a1156403182045487608b1ee8"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-4ef38c1ff6a74713a23547fd5b2038d6" data-id="4ef38c1ff6a74713a23547fd5b2038d6"><span><div id="4ef38c1ff6a74713a23547fd5b2038d6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#4ef38c1ff6a74713a23547fd5b2038d6" title="流程优化"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">流程优化</span></span></h4><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-cdaeab2aeb7e49c6b06158d6d155414b"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="💡">💡</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">任何流程的核心指标都有两个：T（完成流程的周期）、%（流程的完成度，类似DPMO、六西格玛的概念）</div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-bd4a215a60fa41b6b4125aa7ac405aed">流程优化的一般套路基本如下：</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-08b8338c51344f6cb5ff72633a6708b6">俗称“ESIA”。
（1）E（清除无效）：找到流程中不产生效能的、浪费的、低效的环节，然后想办法清
除。
（2）S（简化高频）：对频率最高的环节进行优化，流程效率将上升。
（3）I（整合依赖）：将相互依赖的环节整合在一起，提高效率。
（4）A（自动化烦琐）：把人做起来麻烦的事让电脑来干，提升效率。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-c2b1b7cacf434b7087ceafa779f17545"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-45542c5e1f8c4e0885bc7a319f55d07c" data-id="45542c5e1f8c4e0885bc7a319f55d07c"><span><div id="45542c5e1f8c4e0885bc7a319f55d07c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#45542c5e1f8c4e0885bc7a319f55d07c" title="场景化的需求"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">场景化的需求</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-a0e6697d96cc45d88cc87a327c248bc8">为了让软件使用起来更加舒服，需要贴合各个场景。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-4be8e81f31aa4e2eba6d85057a87ddc7">从使用载体来看，一般是指端口的变化：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-b5deb495b7c747ba9e5a0ec5cd468a75"><li>pc</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-795844323e2b4941be492958e3c1a828"><li>web</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-8f1f0b92d22c4079b67477560518ff3d"><li>手机</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e4f94d778cf447c8b225bd62c66462c3"><li>电话</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-993f16aba04d48adaba9bb1f81d2cb67"><li>邮箱</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-f0b747fa12664049af71a570d176af9f">公私</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-315e77fe116646d393d9d36dc5e43165"><li>公用（政府、企业版）</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-83393059ed854badb423e8c9d841b43f"><li>私用</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-2f1bcdb0b5ba4ab3b5829aab223b4249">目的（拿付钱举例）</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-aef50c46d97a4b37a5234d85850d1522"><li>去超市</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-125351b8aacb4346abdc09c745bb1cc3"><li>去缴费</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-cc100da015c242cfa16d810652217cbc"><li>打车</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-7ca55b2be78e440ba33d4f586c5815c6"><li>坐地铁</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3577b6c0f2234a4a8d74bad9d1f06227"><li>给女朋友转钱</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-8c583987ae4a43c4ae50d4dba1a381ad"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-989c5e8f2f8e4eb2bf7b5e258745f9d6" data-id="989c5e8f2f8e4eb2bf7b5e258745f9d6"><span><div id="989c5e8f2f8e4eb2bf7b5e258745f9d6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#989c5e8f2f8e4eb2bf7b5e258745f9d6" title="数据建模（从数据建模）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">数据建模（从数据建模）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3f6b9fed2f4f46ce938a3b8f89a7cb20">1、er图</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-1ab1008a73f345b493f65d69dd25b7ac">2、类图</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-c58d43f6658247e299c2fa50fd8b5ebb">3、数据流向</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-33e5e7731108473c8bf80aa9966d81b2">4、数据接口分析</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-88ae7e31e4e3430ab06e344a18a4a8b6">5、权限与角色分析</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2f5a0ba42fa3478d964763319a2183b9"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-dd56b68409664ac4994b7755a78a93d3" data-id="dd56b68409664ac4994b7755a78a93d3"><span><div id="dd56b68409664ac4994b7755a78a93d3" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#dd56b68409664ac4994b7755a78a93d3" title="5、管理需求-数据分析"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">5、管理需求-数据分析</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-6e21be763829424f9ab33bba4a22bef7">任何业务，数据指标都会有很多，那么首要问题就是如何让数据逻辑清楚。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-472eeb27b5f346d0b62eaa8a88dbb119" data-id="472eeb27b5f346d0b62eaa8a88dbb119"><span><div id="472eeb27b5f346d0b62eaa8a88dbb119" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#472eeb27b5f346d0b62eaa8a88dbb119" title="1、基于目标提出的指标，例如常见的满意率、及时率等"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">1、基于目标提出的指标，例如常见的满意率、及时率等</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-b23d8328e1c94ea28d65db3ec83f4055">要根据业务目的的不同，找到最顶层的数据指标。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-16f807467bc145febf1e299272ed1af9" data-id="16f807467bc145febf1e299272ed1af9"><span><div id="16f807467bc145febf1e299272ed1af9" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#16f807467bc145febf1e299272ed1af9" title="2、拆解：构成（加法）、流程（乘法）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">2、拆解：构成（加法）、流程（乘法）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2782602d3b704fd3a8a31fad66488a2c"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-a182a82df8b44e36bb26c2aa3db6fabd" data-id="a182a82df8b44e36bb26c2aa3db6fabd"><span><div id="a182a82df8b44e36bb26c2aa3db6fabd" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a182a82df8b44e36bb26c2aa3db6fabd" title="3、从消费者的视角进行数据的组织（确定要哪些数据）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">3、从消费者的视角进行数据的组织（确定要哪些数据）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-f83f8ed67afc41038673e41c5317fa53">1、前面角色建模提炼出来的角色清单</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-a98c8c89ac6c4ef8a2985a83f42ea8a1">2、每个角色应该关注的数据</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-faee5c05118b4b4986a704931e3fcf6d">3、影响数据的关键操作</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-7c719d26dce344488cbbb17dc54f2629"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-7567a89751a3417db313df99f0a4f6d6" data-id="7567a89751a3417db313df99f0a4f6d6"><span><div id="7567a89751a3417db313df99f0a4f6d6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#7567a89751a3417db313df99f0a4f6d6" title="4、确定维度（部门、时间、、、、）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">4、确定维度（部门、时间、、、、）</span></span></h4></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[张首晟：留给年轻人最后的课程 笔记]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/zhang-shoucheng-last-lecture-notes</link>
            <guid>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/zhang-shoucheng-last-lecture-notes</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[物理学家张首晟生前最后的公开演讲笔记，关于第一性原理、科学之美与人生选择]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-17a2fd798cf0808a8489d6d27e213da2"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf08150a8d5c4f840b36587" data-id="3b72fd798cf08150a8d5c4f840b36587"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf08150a8d5c4f840b36587" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf08150a8d5c4f840b36587" title="P1 信封"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P1 信封</span></span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080578637eb06e67009e4"><li>人生需要已更长时间的角度来规划，需要更为远大的理想</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0808285c6c1eccaf8753f"><li>打造一个百年老店，需要一个千年的思想</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080ea9f64dafc2f60b847"><li>如果人类末日即将来临，你会留下一句什么话，能否帮助人类重建文明</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0802bb328fcce6b7c6a97"><li>一个人如果有兴趣，那么他的学习能力会非常强</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-17a2fd798cf080b3b69ddc321a834fb3"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf08128aa30d7767a6507b9" data-id="3b72fd798cf08128aa30d7767a6507b9"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf08128aa30d7767a6507b9" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf08128aa30d7767a6507b9" title="P2 大道至简"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P2 大道至简</span></span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0808b8b28da22f55522de"><li>万物都是由原子组成的</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0808b8b28da22f55522de"><li>第一性原理</li><li>好的原理都具备两个特点：简单性、普适性</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf08026b54fe3a6de08f150"><li>我们的世界是如此的复杂，但是可以归于100多个原子</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf08026b54fe3a6de08f150"><li>用简单的理解复杂的东西，这个世界的复杂性要归一于这个时间的简单性</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0802ca6f4f196f8a657ed"><li>希腊文明的伟大在于欧几里得公里系统的建立</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0802ca6f4f196f8a657ed"><li>这么一个复杂理论体系，需要建立一个原点（出发点），然后才能开始推导</li><li>欧几里得提出了五项基本的公理，这其实是最重要的</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080818f06dc53f681c3a3"><li>基于中西文化的比较</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080818f06dc53f681c3a3"><li>中国的问题在于太过功利性，太过于注重实用性，总结出勾3股4弦5，就直接拿来使用了。</li><li>中国的文明的一个好处就是非常喜欢和善于记录历史，从it行业的角度来看，就是数据积累量大，总结统计学特征明显，但是对于一些现象的追根溯源不够。中医、乘法表都是如此。</li></ul></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-17a2fd798cf080068ed7c4457f95f0c2"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf081d6bf7af88f5f71ebff" data-id="3b72fd798cf081d6bf7af88f5f71ebff"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf081d6bf7af88f5f71ebff" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf081d6bf7af88f5f71ebff" title="P3 人类文明突破的关键：能量密度和信息密度"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P3 人类文明突破的关键：能量密度和信息密度</span></span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080d9b176f38550f68873"><li>缘起是张教授给《文明之光》作序，提出人类每次突破的关键点都是能量密度和信息密度达到了一个新的临界点</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf08015a70ffdf481f01952"><li>上弦机</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080bbbd38f7785d878e11"><li>思考某一个事物的时候，需要思考想下衡量这个事物的单位是什么</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080bbbd38f7785d878e11"><li>当我们去菜市场，关心一磅肉有多少能量（1100卡/磅）</li><li>当我们买电池的时候，关心1千克电池有多少电（1百万焦耳/千克）</li><li>当我们加油的时候，我们关心1千克汽油有多少能量（44百万焦耳/千克）</li><li>tnt的能量密度是4mj/kg，那么为什么炸药看起来能量大，它是单位时间内释放能量大，是功率大。</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0800cbdeed20ee23c9478"><li>那么能量密度是否有上限？能量密度的上限是光速的平方。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080519814c7b148a1ebc5"><li>香农的信息论，衡量信噪比大小</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080f881a8c11c76990f9f"><li>财富公式（《fortune’s formula》）（凯利公式）</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080f881a8c11c76990f9f"><li><span role="button" tabindex="0" class="notion-equation notion-equation-inline"><span></span></span></li><li>其中，p是成功率，r是投资回报</li></ul></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-17a2fd798cf08064a903f50da75248e0"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf081068968f7f5f638f377" data-id="3b72fd798cf081068968f7f5f638f377"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf081068968f7f5f638f377" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf081068968f7f5f638f377" title="P4 信息蒸馏"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P4 信息蒸馏</span></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-17a2fd798cf0800185b8cb752506b7db">现在一个很大的问题就是互联网所能提供的信息太多了，但是人类的大脑进化看起来比较缓慢，对大量信息的提炼就变成一个非常重要的问题了。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-17a2fd798cf0807bbf1af61c7ea247c0"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf081af832ae7d85e748ac0" data-id="3b72fd798cf081af832ae7d85e748ac0"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf081af832ae7d85e748ac0" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf081af832ae7d85e748ac0" title="P5 数学思想对于文科领域的影响"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P5 数学思想对于文科领域的影响</span></span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0804f97a8fc9f9521fe06"><li>几何原本  美国宪法</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf08004a2e3fbaeea52bca4"><li>战争论 </li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080a3a8acd99d749ba0f9"><li>《论持久战》</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-17a2fd798cf080b98c17c033148a4ef8"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-default notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b72fd798cf0816fac06f3b9ccdfeff6" data-id="3b72fd798cf0816fac06f3b9ccdfeff6"><span><div id="3b72fd798cf0816fac06f3b9ccdfeff6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b72fd798cf0816fac06f3b9ccdfeff6" title="P6 大道至简扩展"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><span class="notion-default">P6 大道至简扩展</span></span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf0805ea715fc022ee8e11a"><li>简单和普世是科学和艺术的共同指导原则</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080f28bb8e057da0a913d"><li>网络效应</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17a2fd798cf080deb8d4f53e738bf72c"><li>pages ranks</li></ul></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[简历格式化工具开发总结]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/resume-formatter-tool-dev-summary</link>
            <guid>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/resume-formatter-tool-dev-summary</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 19 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[从需求到落地：一个简历格式化工具的完整开发复盘，含技术选型与产品思考]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-full-width notion-block-3472fd798cf08057baf1ecb8dc2b9490"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-3472fd798cf080ae92cfcf6fd5d93381"><div>项目：简历统一格式化工具（ResumeForge）
周期：2026-04-09 ~ 2026-04-19（11 天）
版本：v1.0 → v1.5
对话：6 轮，约 360 条用户消息</div></blockquote><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf0807ab471cee0fc011ff8"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3472fd798cf080988fd9fdf8470d8236" data-id="3472fd798cf080988fd9fdf8470d8236"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080988fd9fdf8470d8236" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080988fd9fdf8470d8236" title="一、开发时间线"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">一、开发时间线</span></span></h3><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-3472fd798cf08081855eff4c08b64979"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080d9b8b2f48741cbff83"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">日期</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">版本</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">主要工作</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08045a27ac0e804ec1194"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-09</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.0</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">项目启动：需求分析、管线+插件架构搭建、端到端跑通</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf0804db19dd2e1c8453aa2"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-09</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.0</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">姓名数据集建设（440单姓+63复姓+百家姓），代码审查修复18个问题</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08033b7d2c8cce3fb53ab"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-14</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.1</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Word 输出 + 指纹识别 + 数据驱动识别库、证书数据库建设</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08057b5e0c055cbc4f446"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-14</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">—</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Google <a class="notion-link" href="http://design.md/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Design.md</a> 设计规范研究（MCP Server 集成），输出格式确定</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08025b341f9a498af4fa0"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-18</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.2</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Qwen Flash LLM 提取工作经历和项目经历（通用 Prompt 26条规则）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08012aab9dba52cf1994f"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-18</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.3</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">分类提取架构（L/C/E）+ L类猎聘专用模块 + 渲染间距优化</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080bcb987d1f1a1cb1481"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-18</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.4</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">L类教育+证书LLM提取 + PDF渲染全面修复 + 多轮截图核查</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080a18d6ce1e5dbd3c8f9"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-19</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.4+</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">L类遗留问题修复（城市提取+层级结构+内联编号拆分）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08092ad99dfc18558721d"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-19</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.5</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">C类+E类提取模块 + 公共后处理抽取 + 终端输出优化</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080e49789e3b2af6215be"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">04-19</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">v1.5</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">去WeasyPrint、run.py交互优化、使用说明、代码审查、全量核查</div></td></tr></tbody></table><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf0801694ecef606659d830"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3472fd798cf080499873f84c856f10c2" data-id="3472fd798cf080499873f84c856f10c2"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080499873f84c856f10c2" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080499873f84c856f10c2" title="二、走过的弯路"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">二、走过的弯路</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf08054a432f14496444952" data-id="3472fd798cf08054a432f14496444952"><span><div id="3472fd798cf08054a432f14496444952" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf08054a432f14496444952" title="1. 通用 Prompt 的陷阱（v1.2 → v1.3 推翻重来）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">1. 通用 Prompt 的陷阱（v1.2 → v1.3 推翻重来）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080a9b266e2f325281217"><b>弯路</b>：v1.2 用一套 26 条规则的通用 Prompt 处理所有格式的简历。64 份全量测试 LLM 调用成功率 100%，但端到端截图核查暴露了严重的结构性问题：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0801cbf41e712219b6b63"><li>&quot;项目&quot;分类子标题被误判为独立项目经历</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080ad970efacd59b57ac4"><li>多层级职责结构被压扁</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080fbb0fce94b3d96b12b"><li>规则互相矛盾（猎聘需&quot;标签后无内容留空&quot;，候选人自写需&quot;保留分类标题&quot;）</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080359756d68753e80a2a"><b>教训</b>：<b>LLM 调用成功 ≠ 提取质量合格</b>。自动化测试只能验证&quot;有输出&quot;，不能验证&quot;输出正确&quot;。必须做端到端截图核查（人眼审 PDF 输出），不能只看测试通过率。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080d7b4ecdb492eb5a30c"><b>正确做法</b>：v1.3 改为分类提取——每种类型独立 Prompt、独立预处理、独立校验。规则数从 26 条减到 8-19 条，精准度大幅提升。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf080c7babde4e222dac4e6"/><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf080dc9381c53aba59d06e" data-id="3472fd798cf080dc9381c53aba59d06e"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080dc9381c53aba59d06e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080dc9381c53aba59d06e" title="2. 正则提取教育/证书的无底洞（v1.1 → v1.4 放弃正则）"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">2. 正则提取教育/证书的无底洞（v1.1 → v1.4 放弃正则）</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0806cb09fe9ba0cffe32b"><b>弯路</b>：v1.1 用正则提取教育背景和证书。看似简单，实际越改越复杂：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0801eac0fd3733f52c2d0"><li>专业用 <code class="notion-inline-code">·</code> 分隔（<code class="notion-inline-code">应用统计·硕士·统招</code>），正则没覆盖</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080f6a1d1c892d28a1894"><li>时间可能在行尾或下一行，正则互相干扰</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080c69108e94606096468"><li>证书子串匹配误命中正文关键词（&quot;精算师&quot;出现在职责描述中）</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0803eb8cce568928f6cf2"><li>每修一个格式变体就引入新的 bug</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf08043a3fdd09b3574b066"><b>教训</b>：<b>正则适合格式固定的简单字段（姓名/电话/邮箱），不适合格式多变的复杂字段</b>。教育和证书的格式变体太多，正则的维护成本远高于 LLM。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf08027840dc3f04fb96c68"><b>正确做法</b>：v1.4 把教育和证书从 Part A（正则）移到 Part B（LLM），一个 Prompt 搞定所有变体。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf0802dbdf4e8e8a21fdea1"/><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf08072a8bbc71e0a9e5a27" data-id="3472fd798cf08072a8bbc71e0a9e5a27"><span><div id="3472fd798cf08072a8bbc71e0a9e5a27" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf08072a8bbc71e0a9e5a27" title="3. WeasyPrint 的假兜底"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">3. WeasyPrint 的假兜底</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080389fb8e707c50ddb50"><b>弯路</b>：技术方案里写&quot;WeasyPrint 主力 + Playwright 兜底&quot;，但 WeasyPrint 在 Windows 上因为缺 GTK 库<b>每次都失败</b>，然后自动切到 Playwright。用户每次看到一大段红色警告信息，以为出了问题。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080e681c4f7e7f31fd3ad"><b>教训</b>：<b>不要保留一个永远失败的&quot;主力&quot;方案</b>。如果兜底方案才是实际跑的，就直接用兜底方案，不要浪费时间在注定失败的路径上报错。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0803ba805d4ee8c770965"><b>正确做法</b>：直接去掉 WeasyPrint，只用 Playwright。从 requirements.txt 也删除。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf08008adffcfbb141c3972"/><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf0804fadcad0b16a14d425" data-id="3472fd798cf0804fadcad0b16a14d425"><span><div id="3472fd798cf0804fadcad0b16a14d425" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf0804fadcad0b16a14d425" title="4. 城市提取修了两次"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">4. 城市提取修了两次</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf08098ad30d69696105590"><span class="notion-default"><b>弯路</b></span><span class="notion-default">：某份简历无年龄信息时城市为空。第一次修复加了&quot;从求职意向行提取&quot;策略，但只对原始文本有效——</span><span class="notion-default"><code class="notion-inline-code">clean_text()</code></span><span class="notion-default"> 去掉表格 </span><span class="notion-default"><code class="notion-inline-code">|</code></span><span class="notion-default"> 后，求职意向行的格式变了，新策略匹配不上。用户反馈后才发现第二次修。</span></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080759f00de925e7e0faf"><b>教训</b>：<b>修 bug 后要同时测原始文本和 clean_text 后的文本</b>。提取函数的输入是 clean_text 处理后的，不能只用原始文本验证。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf080bba21ec1913bb96d48"/><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf080d8ab50e8f475b22c75" data-id="3472fd798cf080d8ab50e8f475b22c75"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080d8ab50e8f475b22c75" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080d8ab50e8f475b22c75" title="5. 层级结构的三次迭代"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">5. 层级结构的三次迭代</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0800a8319d7749b765cfd"><b>弯路</b>：duties 的 <code class="notion-inline-code">##</code> 层级前缀处理经历了三次迭代：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080088052da5197e99d23" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>第一版：直接补 <code class="notion-inline-code">##</code>，但 LLM 有时不返回 <code class="notion-inline-code">##</code></li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080bca330fbcfa5bb673f" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>第二版：后处理自动识别标题并补 <code class="notion-inline-code">##</code>，但把&quot;业绩：<a class="notion-link" href="http://1.xxx/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">1.xxx</a>&quot;也拆成了独立标题，破坏了已有层级</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080669bc6c147ba702316" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>第三版：加 <code class="notion-inline-code">has_pure_heading</code> 检查——有纯标题时不做&quot;标签：内容&quot;拆分</li></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080e0b95fe26af574bbae"><b>教训</b>：<b>后处理规则需要考虑上下文，不能孤立地处理每个条目</b>。一个 duty 是标题还是子项，取决于同组其他 duties 的结构。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf08032b49bf369e1d03ada"/><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf080a09d10cace615c148b" data-id="3472fd798cf080a09d10cace615c148b"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080a09d10cace615c148b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080a09d10cace615c148b" title="6. E 类纯英文简历的 validate 卡住"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">6. E 类纯英文简历的 validate 卡住</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080de8f8fdf8417757996"><span class="notion-default"><b>弯路</b></span><span class="notion-default">：E 类纯英文简历处理成功但 validate 返回 False——因为 </span><span class="notion-default"><code class="notion-inline-code">extract_name()</code></span><span class="notion-default"> 只支持中文名，纯英文简历提取不到姓名。pipeline 误判为&quot;解析失败&quot;。</span></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0800b9fb5ec6ace0bb68f"><b>教训</b>：<b>validate 的通过条件要考虑不同类型的特殊性</b>。英文简历没有中文名是正常的，不应该因此判定失败。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0804f8c21d23324af1c43"><b>正确做法</b>：validate 接受 source_type 参数，english 类型允许 name 为空。同时在 E 类 Prompt 中加 name 提取，LLM 能提取到就回填。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf08018a3e3c30f402df5df"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3472fd798cf080f1a81ae330202fb7f5" data-id="3472fd798cf080f1a81ae330202fb7f5"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080f1a81ae330202fb7f5" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080f1a81ae330202fb7f5" title="三、有效的做法"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">三、有效的做法</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf08082b10edace2a109bd3" data-id="3472fd798cf08082b10edace2a109bd3"><span><div id="3472fd798cf08082b10edace2a109bd3" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf08082b10edace2a109bd3" title="1. 截图核查驱动开发"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">1. 截图核查驱动开发</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080fc90e9edc884dc60ac">整个项目最有价值的质量保证手段不是自动化测试，而是<b>用户截图反馈</b>。几乎所有重要的 bug 都是通过截图发现的：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080238cddda230d84e4fa"><li>证书挤在同一行（缺 Markdown hard break）</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0800d8671f52da58e0165"><li>&quot;业绩&quot;错误变成独立标题</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080bca3c9de2a88db37d8"><li>项目经历空标签残留</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0801f909ee741fa908566"><li>终端输出太乱</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf08084ad54f6f6136ae650"><b>经验</b>：自动化测试验证&quot;不崩溃&quot;，截图核查验证&quot;看起来对&quot;。两者缺一不可。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf080188b53c1bc9670c971" data-id="3472fd798cf080188b53c1bc9670c971"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080188b53c1bc9670c971" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080188b53c1bc9670c971" title="2. 分类提取架构"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">2. 分类提取架构</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080759c9cef7bf655c83b">最重要的架构决策：<b>输入端分类，处理端差异化，输出端统一</b>。</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080aeafc6e351ff018010"><li>每种类型独立文件（extract_liepin.py / extract_candidate.py / extract_english.py）</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf0805abf1fcec5e00556ce"><li>改一个类型不影响其他类型</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080389494fdb267e104e7"><li>公共逻辑抽到 post_process.py</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080dd8b0ed06082dcfa5a"><li>所有类型输出统一的 ResumeData dict，渲染器不需要知道来源</li></ul><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf0802b84fbf1280264c423" data-id="3472fd798cf0802b84fbf1280264c423"><span><div id="3472fd798cf0802b84fbf1280264c423" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf0802b84fbf1280264c423" title="3. 后处理管线弥补 LLM 不稳定"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">3. 后处理管线弥补 LLM 不稳定</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf08099ae5efbe51d1b447e">LLM 输出不确定——同一份简历跑两次，<code class="notion-inline-code">##</code> 前缀可能有可能没有，编号可能拆可能不拆。后处理管线（<code class="notion-inline-code">normalize_duty_headings</code> + <code class="notion-inline-code">split_inline_numbered</code>）在校验层统一规范化，大幅降低了对 LLM 输出稳定性的依赖。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf0800c9b8fd17dfd84c336"><b>经验</b>：不要假设 LLM 输出格式稳定，永远在校验层做规范化。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf080e3939ee7d1ae22b75b" data-id="3472fd798cf080e3939ee7d1ae22b75b"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080e3939ee7d1ae22b75b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080e3939ee7d1ae22b75b" title="4. 先 L 后 C 后 E 的开发顺序"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">4. 先 L 后 C 后 E 的开发顺序</span></span></h4><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf080d8bf85e4e81a350a09"><li>L 类数量最多（34份）、格式最固定 → 先做，建立架构模式</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf08070b115d552fdab0025"><li>C 类问题最复杂（结构感知）→ 有了 L 类的模式后照着做</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3472fd798cf08056b323dfa0d7080e42"><li>E 类数量最少（3份）→ 最后做</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080b1b73cceeb8ff60910">每做完一类就做全量测试 + 截图核查，再进入下一类。避免一次性铺开三类然后调不过来。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3472fd798cf0800d9d79d33388521dd1" data-id="3472fd798cf0800d9d79d33388521dd1"><span><div id="3472fd798cf0800d9d79d33388521dd1" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf0800d9d79d33388521dd1" title="5. 开发文档保持同步"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">5. 开发文档保持同步</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3472fd798cf080bc8d4ff46eca536a57">技术方案、架构流程图、<a class="notion-link" href="http://claude.md/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CLAUDE.md</a> 在每次重要改动后同步更新。新开会话时能快速了解项目状态，不用从头看代码。</div><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf080e1a3b9c393811c7673"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3472fd798cf0805a89a3c21f45cc9f1c" data-id="3472fd798cf0805a89a3c21f45cc9f1c"><span><div id="3472fd798cf0805a89a3c21f45cc9f1c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf0805a89a3c21f45cc9f1c" title="四、关键数据"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">四、关键数据</span></span></h3><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-3472fd798cf0802ca565e4eff30c4207"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080e684b9df632b902143"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">指标</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">数值</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08054bc0af8e2b0d56e0e"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">总代码量</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">~5000 行 Python</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080c7bbb5dd8d1a245767"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">核心脚本</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">20 个 .py 文件</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08060bc21f8c9327fafc3"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">支持格式</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">PDF / Word / TXT / HTML</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080ff8464d77776d42342"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">简历类型</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">L类猎聘 + C类自写 + E类英文</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf08066ad05dc62f98d27ae"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">全量测试</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">60/64 成功（94%）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080dfa74cdc30b23e86c1"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">事实性核查</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">59/60 准确（98.3%）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080ffb51df3e52d8f836c"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><span class="notion-default">唯一幻觉</span></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><span class="notion-default">LLM 把脱敏的&quot;111&quot;还原为某知名公司名（1/60）</span></div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080cdaa72f05bd0d64ddf"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Git 提交</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">27 次</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-3472fd798cf080f0a99af439eaf3efc4"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">LLM Prompt</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">L类15条 + C类19条 + E类15条</div></td></tr></tbody></table><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3472fd798cf080bc813ddc25351d5cc3"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3b52fd798cf081a280dac475b84d0d3b" data-id="3b52fd798cf081a280dac475b84d0d3b"><span><div id="3b52fd798cf081a280dac475b84d0d3b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3b52fd798cf081a280dac475b84d0d3b" title="五、做类似项目的通行做法"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">五、做类似项目的通行做法</span></span></h3><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3b52fd798cf0819fa2bfe6b7d31d34c9" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>统一搭建指纹识别环境，这是基建。这样对各种文件的识别就能做统一处理，不然写各种规则写到头皮发麻。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3b52fd798cf0819391e7d402dc5f5372" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>格式提取如上所述，不能梦想着完全用大模型提取。格式化程度好的部分，还是应该采用传统的提取方式；传统方式搞不定的，再去做大模型提取。</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3b52fd798cf0814ca17ce4cdb7811004" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>做完了，一定要人工核对。现在似乎 AI 能帮你解决所有问题，其实不然。当然，这也是符合人性的——做个工具，ROI 已经很高了，但人类似乎连最基本的核对都不愿意做；而在工具出来之前，则一直承担着重复工作。</li></ol><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-3b52fd798cf0815e8400c0c318595b3e"/><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-3472fd798cf080218a0fcf0f97409f8f" data-id="3472fd798cf080218a0fcf0f97409f8f"><span><div id="3472fd798cf080218a0fcf0f97409f8f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3472fd798cf080218a0fcf0f97409f8f" title="六、未来优化方向"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">六、未来优化方向</span></span></h3><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080ea803bda3d326f478a" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>渲染器拆分</b>：<a class="notion-link" href="http://renderer.py/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">renderer.py</a> 拆为 render_md.py + render_pdf.py（v1.6）</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080b19ed9f5d39ef16adc" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>E 类英文名提取</b>：Part A 加英文名正则，或完全依赖 LLM</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080518445e2be9b548638" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>LLM 幻觉防护</b>：对公司名做原文回溯校验，发现不匹配时回退原文</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3472fd798cf080e8869ac63ece3146cb" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>用户反馈驱动</b>：让用户试用后根据实际反馈优化，比在这里空改效率高</li></ol></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[《管理信息系统》笔记]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/management-information-systems-notes</link>
            <guid>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/management-information-systems-notes</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[理解企业信息化的底层逻辑，MIS经典教材的核心框架与个人读后思考]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-d37bfa9c95e64e1eb4f8c31ee543ac44"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-bce71961a558444ba973311437137bcd"><li>好问题</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-bce71961a558444ba973311437137bcd"><li>作为一个pm，需要面对的挑战是如何通过工作和学习获得无法外包的技能</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-0a91ec2f03884f8c978288e364d55417"><li>只有25%的系统建设会成功</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-0a91ec2f03884f8c978288e364d55417"><li>需要互补性资产的投入</li><li>需要配套</li><li>细节</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-ffb2a84ab6044db58e9012b0b1f6041d"><li>重视效率和效益的企业文化</li><li>合适的商业模式</li><li>高效的业务流程</li><li>分权管理</li><li>高度分散的决策权（相关权利下放，干活的人能够做决策）</li><li>强大的开发团队（能想还要能够实现）</li></ul></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-dddaccd1da864a05b65c5c00484c1283"><li>技术和组合就类似探戈舞步，不断的磨合，才能拿出最后的方案，一蹴而就只是做梦 </li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f1dfa678f87049c784e88772205daa00"><li>链接企业的各类系统</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f1dfa678f87049c784e88772205daa00"><li>erp 企业资源计划即 <em>ERP</em> (Ent<em>erp</em>rise Resource Planning)</li><li>SCM 供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）</li><li>CRM 客户关系管理 （Customer Relationship Management）</li><li>KMS 知识管理系统 （Knowledge management system）</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-0e9bd5d4bc974229bd2c8d9b4ef39457"><li>选择协作软件的评价模型</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-0e9bd5d4bc974229bd2c8d9b4ef39457"><li>时间、地点</li><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-16ecc5ff3b6e4d31b02215ab63d64336"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:351px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2Fc5339d74-3b7d-4f1f-b6f0-773b5a2de8f1%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=16ecc5ff-3b6e-4d31-b022-15ab63d64336&amp;t=16ecc5ff-3b6e-4d31-b022-15ab63d64336&amp;width=351&amp;cache=v2" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f8e2327ba9584c4f90641c0deddd943d"><li>需要阅读的外文书籍</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f8e2327ba9584c4f90641c0deddd943d"><li>《商业周刊》、《福布斯》、《财富》、《华尔街日报》</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4b624621f11f43428b128cc3d4bc8074"><li>在搭建和教会用户使用系统之间存在巨大的鸿沟</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e8e04b85a1994a0ba89d33fe216c1b89"><li>系统的价值</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e8e04b85a1994a0ba89d33fe216c1b89"><li>经济价值</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17af8775f6c6463d8faaead77d0f3ab1"><li>更低的成本</li><li>更好的效率</li></ul><li>组织影响</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-5cf090ec638642eb84abb65752be3b4d"><li>使组织管理扁平化</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-77e86416a5c34be6a71c273c93671385"><li>管理层级减少</li><li>一个人管理更多人</li></ul></ul><li>产品差异化</li><li>聚焦细分市场</li><li>加强上下游联系（客户与供应商）</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-113549feb665445b9bbf781bfede4a99"><li>架构</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-113549feb665445b9bbf781bfede4a99"><li>cs</li><li>bs</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-ce5dcd19ddd4406db65d29f83812bb0d"><li>通信、互联网、无线技术</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-ce5dcd19ddd4406db65d29f83812bb0d"><li>在线聊天的基本原理</li><li>加密的基本原理</li><li>tcp</li><li>二维码、条形码</li><li>射频识别（rfid）、NFC</li></ul></ul></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[观《中供铁军》]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/alibaba-iron-army-review</link>
            <guid>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/alibaba-iron-army-review</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[阿里铁军的管理方法论拆解——地推时代留下的组织管理遗产]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-02a4c90c076642a89c8e6d7ef77e3eed"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-640062a6b9e1428a82138926856a2a71">1  时间为维度。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-7ceffaff104a442cbd43d936c01eed84">2  从一个大的角度往一个小的角度走，想想当初是在一个什么样的大的潮流，有了这么一个团体。开篇的时候要选取一些普遍性的画面、非常经典的画面。追求普遍性的命中率。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-d70292dc9a8048ff929f251573b36f2c">3  从一些比较小的视角、维度去看我们的变化，例如交通工具、居住的环境、一些经典的工作环境，然后放在时间轨上做古今对比。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-e0f989e91f784ebe90f23b6c283ea2d9">4  文案、音乐也要随着画面有急有缓、有高有低。一般是团体性、成功性的画面的时候音乐比较激昂，然后单个、困难的音乐要低沉、舒缓。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3a96c94f1a464bcc933318da708c4377">5   然后是情感的外延，就想员工之所想。员工对于家人、对于兄弟的愧疚。再次深度的感动观者。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-12f92001ca564cbcbec371c571e942a4">6  整个视频的走向，情绪整体来说先高（集体成功的一些画面）、再低（比较艰难的画面）、然后是一些个人性成功的画面。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-b03f19dad6e945d28d370086d36deafd">7  文似看山不喜平。</div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[《精力管理》读后感]]></title>
            <link>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/energy-management-book-review</link>
            <guid>https://www.lhuafmaof.cn//article/energy-management-book-review</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[比时间管理更重要的是精力管理——如何科学分配体力、情绪和注意力资源]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-79d0f5e757ca4483a779941ac951ecc7"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-0f4dfd572622413f99757ee7ece1d70e">四大基本原则</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-17bd5b84fa25400b92dac8b13b3448e7"><li>全方位投入四种需要投入的资源</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-26a5927d6cf249088d4aa4d8fc03ffea"><li>精力的储备会因为过度使用和不充分使用而下降</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-13ee870b3b254dc1a05b04cfb5d7673f"><li>要增强承受力，我们必须让自己超越太长的限度，按照杰出运动员的方式进行系统的培训</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-70793a486b5447c3b9eac533b5be01ed"><li>积极的精力仪式-用于管理精力的非常具体的惯例，是全方位投入和持续高效能的关键。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-4be1b9d3f774420096ebd946c88ed101">其他原则 ：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-c52d9f5ca02640f787cee070cf4f5e0f"><li>管理精力，而非时间，是高效能的基础。效能是建立在巧妙管理精力的基础上的。学会追求卓越，这样会产生疲劳，反而有助于休息。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-7f6dfc4483284fceb0c8a85ecdd39505"><li>优秀的领导者是一个团体的精力的管理者。他们首先要有效管理的自己精力。作为领导者，他们还必须调动、集中、投入、引导、回复以及增强他人的精力。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-b2b2a2a636b24f559cdba18ef212865c">节奏（急缓--工作和休息是最为重要的要素）</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-2d3df7395ec9438d94de3b4d0c77b896"><li>在情感上、思想上和精神上也会出现同样的过程。情感的深度和恢复力取决于积极地与 别人以及我们自己的情感相联系。没有不断的智力挑战，思想的敏锐度就会消失。精神上的 能量储备要依靠定期回顾我们最不易改变的价值观并对我们的行为负责。全方位投入要求方 方面面在精力的消耗(压力)和精力的补充(恢复)之间达成一种动态的平衡。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4b9ddf302fef43aaa002e4c125018364"><li>身体的经历</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4b9ddf302fef43aaa002e4c125018364"><div class="notion-text notion-block-0775c6d99b3946ea9cf2fcbde55ff709">过短跑选手式的生活是把我们的生活分成一段段便于管理的时间，这要和我们本身的生 理需求以及自然的周期性变化相一致。在和世界级的网球选手一起合作时，吉姆第一个感悟 到这一点。作为一名研究行为表现的心理学家，他的目标是弄清楚是什么因素造成世界上最 优秀的选手和其同行之间的差距。吉姆花了数百个小时观察顶尖选手，研究他们比赛的录像 带。让他一直感到困惑的是，他发现选手们在得分时的比赛习惯没有什么大的区别。只是在 开始注意到他们在得分之间的表现时他才突然发现了差别。在大多数人还没有意识到这一点 时，最优秀的选手都已经形成了一套几乎完全一样的在得分之间的习惯动作。这些动作包括 在得分后他们走回到底线的方式，他们是如何控制头部和肩膀的，他们的眼睛看哪儿，他们 呼吸的方式，甚至他们自言自语的方式。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-fd0fa7418a3540c9aca3c15c029d6276">吸引吉姆的是，这些选手在本能地利用得分之间的时间最大限度地恢复体力。他开始发 现，许多排名较低的竞争者根本就没有恢复体力的习惯动作。当他给这些顶尖选手带上能监 控他们的心率的心电图遥感测试装置时，他有了另一个惊人的发现:在一场比赛得分之间的 16~20 秒里，顶尖选手的心率平均每分钟可下降多达 20 次。通过培养高效和专注的恢复体 力的习惯，这些选手已经发现了在很短的时间内得到非同寻常的体力补充的方式。因为更差 一些的竞争者没有可以和他们相比的得分之间的习惯动作，他们的心率通常在整个比赛中居 高不下，不管他们的身体状况如何。最优秀的选手用习惯做法来更有效地恢复体力，并为将 要得到的每一分做好更充分的准备。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-aad7b0be087c46d786ca72c7ad4ca01e">得分之间精确的习惯动作所带来的成绩是惊人的。想像一下，两位天赋和身体素质相当 的选手，比赛已经打到第三个小时。一位已经在得分之间有规律地恢复体力，而另一位则没 有。显然，第二位选手身体上会疲劳得多，而疲劳会带来急转直下的后果。</div></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f4b3e8d5d0b346fabda0cd4ed349fc51"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f4b3e8d5d0b346fabda0cd4ed349fc51"><div class="notion-text notion-block-c236dd41878e46af9da373115ecb97d4">作为人，我们最基本的需求是消耗和恢复精力。我们把这称为摆动。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-063440dc1dc6416295d5140a3446cc23">和摆动相对的是直线式:过多的精力消耗却得不到恢复，或者过度恢复而精力消耗却 不足。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-62cc562150a24c58982fda16d3892619">平衡压力和恢复之间的关系，对个人和团体的高效能都是至关重要的。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-adae7eb5ef8b43ae95f59a63f15e36a7">我们必须保持我们称之为“效能金字塔”的全部四个方面的(身体的、情感的、思想的和精神的)健康的摆动节奏。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-622ffc8e10894e738a839efb27bea40a">我们按照增强身体承受力的方式增强情感、思想和精神上的承受力。我们必须系统地 让自己承受超过一般限度的压力，然后进行充分的恢复。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-c598bcfe389f4955b23f27b9f3c93e07">增强承受力需要愿意为了长期的回报而承受短期的不适。</div></ul></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-13a0a1dda7da4751ae8e549962909e2a">关于身体</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3b869e421d5248fd960aa90ef4ccad28"><li>每在健身上投入一块钱，大概会有6块的产出。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-9d2ac2dbf5c9456ca1747d5c375ec6f9"><li>疲劳工作容易引起事故</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-77726bc11f2246c19459bda115a6b226"><li>每天多喝水</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-55e6b179d6274b0f8d4f29f33b3651ec"><li>每天不少于7个小时的睡眠</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-fc0099a761c74232b4274366dfa4bdf5">关于仪式</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4a21b491db874f2aabbfd230de6946fd"><li>采用特定的仪式，会让自己注意到状态或者说阶段的切换。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-d35640d8aa42403fa09b681a4ba9373f"><li>但是，仪式不可过多，因为仪式会导致精力的分散。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e23ef0e5747f47d599d0303ea02b06d1"><li>仪式要精致和专注。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-7e2036bd3fbd4a2c9ce08dda42ec55ea">关于自己的认识 ，一直潜藏自己脑海的东西</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-6bd6edc69bc84364ad9867533b94f5c1"><li>自己初中复读一年，高中复读一年。考研浪费一年。所以内心总是一种无形的压迫感。其实，目前自己才毕业两年，预期无限制的恐惧，还不如对标自己毕业五年也该达到的目标。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-275753c9a4c343faa4d2808e19fd5852"><li>自己认可的价值观，君子不器、人有所执，方有所成、以慢打快、脚踏实地、诚信、厚道、不要背后说人坏话、克制，不要制造噪音。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-dfe1152407fd48558770a8ebf02f3327"><li>总是角色错位，把多个角色混合在一起。公司本来就是一个工作场景。</li></ul></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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